Choline Alfoscerate, also known as Alpha-GPC, is a substance extracted from plant lecithin, but it is not a phospholipid, but a phospholipid derived from Lipophilic fatty acid substances. Alpha-GPC is a multifunctional nutrient found in all mammalian cells. Because it is highly hydrophilic, it is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. GPC is a precursor of acetylcholine (ACh) and holds great promise in choline dysfunction.
GPC readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and provides a source of choline for the biosynthesis of ACh and phosphatidylcholine. Phospholipids and acetylcholine, when achieved at optimal levels, promote cognitive, psychological and cerebrovascular health. In addition, a balanced concentration of Alpha-GPC and Ach can promote physiological processes and improve physical performance. ACh participates in muscle contraction and is the main neurotransmitter that regulates physiological responses to exercise.
Since all muscle movements are related to contraction, and contraction is related to the available cellular ACh concentration, maximizing ACh levels optimizes muscle performance. Compared to other common choline precursors, Alpha-GPC safely and effectively increases choline levels in the blood and brain. Numerous studies have confirmed the various benefits of Alpha-GPC and suggested that oral supplementation may play an important role in enhancing neurological function, physical performance, and improving memory.
Alpha-GPC efficacy
Enhance brain power
The greater the number of nerve cells in the brain, the stronger their vitality, the faster they transmit nerve signals, and the stronger the brain's processing power. Alpha-GPC can comprehensively improve brain function by enhancing the vitality of nerve cells and the transmission ability of nerve signals. In terms of enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission, signal transmission between nerve cells relies on the transmission of neurotransmitters, and acetylcholine is a key chemical messenger and neurotransmitter that ensures active thinking and maintains coordination between the brain and the whole body. Alpha-GPC can be decomposed into 3-glycerol phosphate and choline in the brain and is the most efficient supply of acetylcholine. It can enhance memory and improve thinking by promoting the synthesis and release of acetylcholine in the brain. In terms of enhancing the stability and fluidity of cell membranes, Alpha-GPC can promote the synthesis of phosphoinositide, thereby enhancing the stability and fluidity of cell membranes. Neurons with a complete structure can better transmit information and improve the body's thinking agility. Spend.
Protect nerves
The growth factors of nervous tissue, namely neurotrophic factors, can regulate stem cell differentiation and promote the formation of new neural connections. Alpha-GPC can promote the secretion of a variety of neurotrophic factors and activate signaling pathways related to cell survival, thus exerting a neuroprotective effect. Improve the body's cognitive level. At the same time, Alpha-GPC can also promote the secretion of growth hormone and maintain body health by increasing the body's growth hormone levels.
Antioxidant
Oxidation and inflammation are the main causes of brain cell aging and death. Alpha-GPC can scavenge free radicals in the body, fight oxidative stress, and can also reduce inflammation such as nuclear factor NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, and interleukin IL-6. The release of factors counteracts brain inflammation, thereby significantly reversing the decline of cognitive function and preventing the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. The relevant effects have been supported by clinical effects.
In the study "The Effect of Alpha-GPC on Age-Related Memory Impairment", 4 subjects were given placebo, and the other 5 subjects were given Alpha-GPC (1200 mg/day), after continuous oral administration for 3 months, 16 electrodes were used to record brain waves for 5 minutes while the subjects were awake and resting. The results showed that compared with placebo, Alpha-GPC was able to significantly increase the proportion of the fastest brain waves, while having a tendency to decrease the slowest frequencies. That is, it can enhance the brain vitality of middle-aged people and delay the aging of the body.
Regulate emotions
Dopamine can make people feel happy, and serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid can regulate the body's mood. Alpha-GPC can promote the release of dopamine, up-regulate the expression of dopamine transporters, improve dopamine neurotransmission in the brain, and increase the levels of serotonin in the striatum and prefrontal cortex; it can also significantly promote γ- The release of aminobutyric acid relieves insomnia, thereby exerting its anti-depressant, anxiety-relieving and mood-stabilizing effects.
In addition, Alpha-GPC also appears to be able to enhance the absorption of non-heme iron in food, similar to the effect of vitamin C at a 2:1 ratio with iron, so Alpha-GPC is considered to be, or at least contribute to, the enhancement of meat products. Phenomenon of nonheme iron absorption. Additionally, supplementing with Alpha-GPC can also aid the fat burning process and support lipid metabolism. This is due to choline's role as a lipophilic nutrient. Healthy levels of this nutrient ensure that fatty acids are available to cell mitochondria, which can convert these fats into ATP or energy.
Regulatory updates
Alpha GPC has been in use for over 10 years. Currently, Alpha GPC is a new food raw material in Japan and is often used in the development of functional foods. In addition, the United States, Canada, Switzerland and other countries have successively approved or allowed Alpha GPC to be added to food after Japan. In the United States, Alpha GPC is regulated as a Substance Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). In Canada, Alpha GPC is approved as a natural health product.
Market applications and product trends
In view of the insufficient data on the safety of Alpha GPC in infants, pregnant women, and lactating women, based on the principle of risk prevention, the above groups should not eat it, and the label and instructions should indicate the unsuitable group. In the United States, Japan, Canada and other countries, Alpha GPC has been widely used in food. Related products cover dietary supplements, beverages, gummies and other categories, and each product has a clear function and recommended use.
Quantity and recommended groups. For example, in the United States, there are more than 300 dietary supplements for Alpha GPC alone, with claimed effects including improving memory and cognitive function, improving motor function, etc. The daily dosage is 300-1200 mg.
Current status of production technology
Research shows that chemical synthesis is one of the main production methods of Alpha GPC. Using polyphosphoric acid, choline chloride, R-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, sodium hydroxide and water as raw materials, after condensation and esterification reaction, it is decolorized, impurity removed, concentrated, refined and dried. can be obtained by other processes. However, traditional chemical synthesis, chemical hydrolysis, chemical alcoholysis and other methods all face problems such as environmental pollution, high cost, and complex preparation processes.
In recent years, the preparation of Alpha GPC by bioenzymatic methods has received more and more attention. Aqueous-phase enzymatic methods, non-aqueous-phase enzymatic methods, etc. have appeared one after another. Compared with chemical methods, the preparation of Alpha GPC by bioenzymatic methods has mild reaction conditions and simple processes. , high catalytic efficiency and suitable for large-scale commercial production.
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Alpha GPC is known to be hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the surrounding air. For this reason, supplements need to be stored in airtight containers and should not be exposed to air for extended periods of time.
Final thoughts
Alpha GPC is used to deliver choline to the brain across the blood-brain barrier. It is a precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that promotes cognitive health. Alpha GPC supplements can be used to benefit your cognitive health by improving memory, learning, and concentration. Research also shows that Alpha GPC helps increase physical strength and muscle strength.
Disclaimer: This article is for general information only and should not be construed as any medical advice. Some of the blog post information comes from the Internet and is not professional. This website is only responsible for sorting, formatting and editing articles. The purpose of conveying more information does not mean that you agree with its views or confirm the authenticity of its content. Always consult a health care professional before using any supplements or making changes to your health care regimen.
Post time: Oct-06-2024