Urolithin A (UA) is a compound produced by the metabolism of intestinal flora in foods rich in ellagitannins (such as pomegranate, raspberries, etc.). It is considered to have anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, antioxidant, induction of mitophagy and other effects, and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Many studies have confirmed that urolithin A can delay aging, and clinical studies have also shown good results.
Urolithins are not found in food; however, their precursor polyphenols are. Polyphenols are abundant in many fruits and vegetables. When consumed, some polyphenols are absorbed directly by the small intestine, and others are degraded by digestive bacteria into other compounds, some of which are beneficial. For example, certain species of gut bacteria break down ellagic acid and ellagitannins into urolithins, potentially improving human health
Urolithin A is an ellagitannin (ET) metabolite of intestinal flora. As the metabolic precursor of Uro-A, the main food sources of ET are pomegranates, strawberries, raspberries, walnuts and red wine. UA is a product of ETs metabolized by intestinal microorganisms.
Urolithin-A does not exist in the natural state, but is produced by a series of transformations of ET by intestinal flora. UA is a product of ETs metabolized by intestinal microorganisms. Foods rich in ET pass through the stomach and small intestine in the human body, and are eventually metabolized mainly into Uro-A in the colon. A small amount of Uro-A can also be detected in the lower small intestine.
As natural polyphenolic compounds, ETs have attracted much attention due to their biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-viral. In addition to being derived from foods such as pomegranates, strawberries, walnuts, raspberries, and almonds, ETs are also found in traditional Chinese medicines such as gallnuts, pomegranate peels, Uncaria, Sanguisorba, Phyllanthus emblica, and agrimony. The hydroxyl group in the molecular structure of ETs is relatively polar, which is not conducive to intestinal wall absorption, and its bioavailability is very low.
Many studies have found that after ETs are ingested by the human body, they are metabolized by intestinal flora in the colon and converted into urolithin before being absorbed. ETs are hydrolyzed into ellagic acid (EA) in the upper gastrointestinal tract, and EA is passed through the intestines. The bacterial flora further processes and loses a lactone ring and undergoes continuous dehydroxylation reactions to generate urolithin. There are reports that urolithin may be the material basis for the biological effects of ETs in the body.
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of our cells, responsible for producing energy and maintaining cellular functions. As we age, mitochondrial function declines, leading to a variety of health problems. Research has found that urolithin A can rejuvenate and enhance mitochondrial function, potentially slowing the aging process and promoting overall health and vitality.
Urolithin A can only be obtained from food as the raw material of UA, and it does not mean that eating more foods containing UA precursors will lead to the synthesis of more urolithin A. It also depends on the composition of the intestinal flora.
Urolithin A is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota after eating certain foods, such as pomegranates, berries, and nuts. This compound has gained attention for its ability to activate mitophagy, a process that removes damaged mitochondria from cells, thereby promoting cell regeneration and overall health. Often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell, mitochondria play a vital role in energy production and cellular function. As we age, mitochondrial efficiency decreases, leading to a variety of age-related health problems. Urolithin A has been shown to support mitochondrial health and function, potentially mitigating the effects of aging on cellular energy production and overall vitality.
Anti-aging
The free radical theory of aging believes that reactive oxygen species generated in mitochondrial metabolism cause oxidative stress in the body and lead to aging, and mitophagy plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial health and integrity. It has been reported that UA can regulate mitophagy and thus exhibit the potential to delay aging. Studies have found that UA alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by inducing mitophagy; in rodents, UA can reverse age-related muscle function decline, indicating that UA improves muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function. And extend the life of the body.
Urolithin A activates mitophagy
One of these is mitophagy, which refers to the removal and recycling of old or discarded mitochondria.
With age and some age-related diseases, mitophagy will decline or even stagnate, and organ function will slowly decline. The protection of urolithin A against muscle loss was only recently discovered, and previous research on it focused on mitochondria, especially mitophagy. (Mitophagy refers to the selective removal of damaged mitochondria through autophagosomes) UA can activate mitophagy through multiple pathways, such as activating enzymes that promote mitophagy, or regulating the mitophagy pathway, and promoting autophagosomes. Formation etc.
Antioxidant effect
At present, many studies have been carried out on the antioxidant effect of urolithin. Among all urolithin metabolites, Uro-A has the strongest antioxidant activity. The oxygen free radical absorption capacity of the plasma of healthy volunteers was tested and it was found that the antioxidant capacity increased by 32% after 0.5 h of ingestion of pomegranate juice, but the activity There was no significant change in oxygen levels, but in in vitro experiments on Neuro-2a cells, Uro-A was found to reduce the level of reactive oxygen species in the cells. Compounds whose main active metabolite is Uro-A can reduce patients' oxidative stress levels, thereby improving patients' mood, fatigue and insomnia. These results indicate that Uro-A has strong antioxidant effects.
Anti-inflammatory effect
A common effect among all clinical models of UA is the attenuation of the inflammatory response.
This effect was first discovered in rats with enteritis experiments, in which both the mRNA and protein levels of the inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase 2 were reduced. With more research, it has been found that other inflammatory markers, such as pro-inflammatory factors and tumor necrosis factors, are also reduced to varying degrees. The anti-inflammatory effect of UA is multifaceted. First of all, it exists in large amounts in the intestine, so most What works is inflammatory bowel disease. Secondly, UA not only protects against intestinal inflammation because it reduces the overall serum levels of inflammatory factors. Theoretically, UA can act on diseases caused by inflammation.
There are many, such as arthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration and other joint diseases that are most common in the elderly; in addition, inflammation damaging nerves is the root cause of many neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, when UA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in the brain, it can Improves many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), memory impairment, and stroke.
Urolithin A and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
UA has been reported to have powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and relevant studies have confirmed that UA can play a beneficial role in CVD. In vivo studies have found that UA can reduce the initial inflammatory response of myocardial tissue to hyperglycemia and improve the myocardial microenvironment, promoting the recovery of cardiomyocyte contractility and calcium dynamics, indicating that UA can be used as an auxiliary drug to control diabetic cardiomyopathy and prevent it. complication. UA can improve mitochondrial function and muscle function by inducing mitophagy. Heart mitochondria are key organelles responsible for producing energy-rich ATP. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the root cause of heart failure. Mitochondrial dysfunction is currently considered a potential therapeutic target. Therefore, UA has also become a new candidate for the treatment of CVD.
Urolithin A and the nervous system
Neuroinflammation is an important process in the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. Apoptosis caused by oxidative stress and abnormal protein aggregation often triggers neuroinflammation, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines released by neuroinflammation then affect neurodegeneration. Studies have found that UA mediates anti-inflammatory activity by inducing autophagy and activating the silent signal regulator 1 (SIRT-1) deacetylation mechanism, inhibiting neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity, and preventing neurodegeneration, suggesting that UA is an effective Neuroprotective agent. At the same time, some studies have found that UA can exert neuroprotective effects by directly scavenging free radicals and inhibiting oxidases. Ahsan et al. found that UA inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating autophagy, thereby alleviating ischemic neuronal death, and has the potential to treat cerebral ischemic stroke.
The study found that pomegranate juice can treat rotenone-induced PD rats, and the neuroprotective effect of pomegranate juice is mainly mediated through UA. Studies have shown that pomegranate juice plays a neuroprotective role by increasing mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, maintaining the level of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL, reducing α-synuclein aggregation and oxidative damage, and affecting neuronal activity and stability. Urolithin compounds are the metabolites and effect components of ellagitannins in the body and have biological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis. Urolithin can exert neuroprotective activity through the blood-brain barrier and is a potentially active small molecule that interferes with neurodegeneration.
Help lose weight
Urolithin A can not only protect muscles, but the latest research has found that urolithin A can actually affect cellular lipid metabolism and lipogenesis. It can reduce triglyceride accumulation and fatty acid oxidation, as well as the expression of lipogenesis-related genes, while preventing dietary fat accumulation.
You may have heard of brown fat, which is a different type of fat. Not only does it not make you fat, it can also burn fat. Therefore, the more brown fat, the better for weight loss.
Pomegranate
Pomegranates are known for their high content of ellagic acid, which can be converted into urolithin A by intestinal microbes. Drinking pomegranate juice or incorporating pomegranate seeds into your diet provides a natural source of urolithin A, which supports cell regeneration and overall health.
Berry
Certain berries, such as strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries, contain ellagic acid and are potential sources of urolithin A. Adding these delicious fruits to your diet not only adds flavor but also provides the cellular health and longevity benefits of urolithin A.
Nut
Some nuts, including walnuts and pecans, contain ellagic acid, which can be metabolized in the intestines to urolithin A. Adding a handful of nuts to your daily snack or meal can help increase urolithin A intake and support cell regeneration.
Gut microbiota
In addition to dietary sources, the composition of the intestinal microbiota also plays a crucial role in the production of urolithin A. Eating prebiotic-rich foods, such as onions, garlic, and bananas, can support the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. Enhances the conversion of ellagic acid into urolithin A.
Urolithin A supplements
One of the most well-known sources of urolithin A is pomegranate. During digestion, intestinal bacteria convert the ellagitannin molecules contained in pomegranates into urolithin A.
But our gut microbiome is as different as we are, and varies with diet, age and genetics, so different individuals produce urolithin at different rates. Those without bacteria, especially those from the Clostridia and Ruminococcaceae families that live in the gut, cannot produce any urolithin A at all!
Even those who can produce urolithin A rarely produce enough. In fact, only 1/3 of people produce enough urolithin A.
Although healthy and delicious, eating superfoods like pomegranates is not enough for your intestines to produce enough urolithin A. Therefore, the only way to ensure you are getting enough is to supplement directly. Urolithin A supplementation is an effective and accessible tool to improve health and longevity in older adults.
Urolithin A is derived from ellagic acid, a natural compound associated with improved mitochondrial function and overall cellular rejuvenation. However, while many people may benefit from urolithin A supplements, it is important to understand that certain groups should exercise caution or avoid taking urolithin A altogether.
Pregnant and breastfeeding women
Pregnant and nursing women should be cautious when considering urolithin A supplementation. Although there is limited research on the effects of urolithin A in this population, it is generally recommended that pregnant and breastfeeding women avoid taking any new supplements or medications unless specifically recommended by a health care professional. The potential effects of urolithin A on fetal development and breastfed infants are unknown, so it is best to proceed with caution.
People with known allergies
As with any supplement, individuals with known allergies to urolithin A or related compounds should avoid use. Allergic reactions can range from mild to severe and may include symptoms such as itching, hives, swelling, and difficulty breathing. It is important to carefully check the ingredients of any urolithin A product and consult your healthcare provider if you are unsure of a potential allergen.
People with underlying diseases
People with underlying medical conditions, particularly those related to kidney or liver function, should be cautious when considering urolithin A supplementation. Because urolithin A is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys, individuals with impaired hepatic or renal function may be at increased risk for adverse effects. It is important for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions to consult a healthcare professional before starting urolithin A supplementation.
Children and teenagers
Because there is limited research on the effects of urolithin A in children and adolescents, it is generally recommended that individuals under 18 years of age avoid urolithin A supplementation unless specifically recommended by a healthcare provider. The developing bodies of children and adolescents may respond differently to supplementation, and the potential long-term effects of urolithin A in this population are unknown.
Drug interactions
Urolithin A may interact with certain drugs, especially those that are metabolized in the liver. Individuals taking prescription medications should consult a healthcare professional before adding urolithin A to their treatment regimen to ensure there are no potential interactions that may affect the safety or effectiveness of their medications.
1. Reputable supplement retailers
One of the most reliable sources for purchasing Urolithin A powder is through a reputable supplement retailer. These retailers often sell a variety of high-quality dietary supplements, including urolithin A powder. When choosing a supplement retailer, look for ones that prioritize product quality, transparency, and customer satisfaction. It's important to read customer reviews and check for third-party testing and certification to ensure the authenticity and purity of Urolithin A powder.
2. Certified Online Health Store
Certified online health stores are another great option for purchasing Urolithin A powder. These stores specialize in a variety of natural health products, including urolithin A powder. When shopping from certified online health stores, look for those that provide detailed product information, including the source of Urolithin A powder and any third-party test results. Additionally, reputable online health stores usually have knowledgeable customer service representatives who can address any questions or concerns you may have about their products.
3. Directly from the manufacturer
Another reliable option for purchasing Urolithin A powder is to purchase it directly from the manufacturer. Many urolithin A powder manufacturers offer their products for sale online through their official websites. Buying directly from the manufacturer guarantees product authenticity and quality. In addition, it provides you with detailed information on the sourcing, production and testing of Urolithin A powder, giving you peace of mind about the quality and efficacy of your product.
Suzhou Myland Pharm & Nutrition Inc. is an FDA-registered manufacturer that provides high-quality and high-purity urolithin A powder.
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4. Health and Wellness Market
Health and wellness marketplace is an online platform that brings together a wide range of natural wellness products from different sellers and brands. These markets usually offer Urolithin A powder from different manufacturers and retailers, giving you the opportunity to compare products and prices. When shopping in the health and wellness market, be sure to check seller ratings and customer feedback to ensure you are purchasing from a reputable and trustworthy source.
Q:What is urolithin A powder and how is it beneficial?
A:Urolithin A powder is a natural compound derived from the metabolism of ellagitannins, found in fruits like pomegranates and berries. It has been shown to have various health benefits, including promoting mitochondrial health, muscle function, and overall cellular rejuvenation.
Q: How can urolithin A powder be used?
A:Urolithin A powder can be consumed as a dietary supplement in the form of capsules or added to food and beverages. It is also being studied for its potential use in skincare products due to its anti-aging properties.
Q:What are the potential health benefits of urolithin A powder?
A:Research suggests that urolithin A powder may help in improving muscle function, promoting healthy aging, and supporting overall cellular health. It has also been linked to potential benefits for gut health and inflammation reduction.
Q:Where can urolithin A powder be purchased?
A:Urolithin A powder can be found in health food stores, online retailers, and through dietary supplement companies. It is important to ensure that the product is from a reputable source and to follow the recommended dosage guidelines.
Disclaimer: This article is for general information only and should not be construed as any medical advice. Some of the blog post information comes from the Internet and is not professional. This website is only responsible for sorting, formatting and editing articles. The purpose of conveying more information does not mean that you agree with its views or confirm the authenticity of its content. Always consult a health care professional before using any supplements or making changes to your health care regimen.
Post time: Aug-30-2024
